Fort or Fortress in Riyadh

Al Masmak Fortress (Masmak Fort), Riyadh

Al Masmak Fortress is a historic clay and mud-brick citadel in the heart of Riyadh, closely tied to the Kingdom’s unification story. Built in the late 19th century, it was recaptured by King Abdulaziz in 1902—a decisive moment that marked the beginning of modern Saudi Arabia. Today, the fort stands as a beautifully preserved museum showcasing traditional artefacts, heritage, and Saudi history.